GNAT Reference Manual

GNAT, The GNU Ada Development Environment

AdaCore

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover Texts being “GNAT Reference Manual”, and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.

• 1. About This Guide
  • 1.1. What This Reference Manual Contains
  • 1.2. Conventions
  • 1.3. Related Information
• 2. Implementation Defined Pragmas
  • 2.1. Pragma Abort_Defer
  • 2.2. Pragma Abstract_State
  • 2.3. Pragma Ada_83
  • 2.4. Pragma Ada_95
  • 2.5. Pragma Ada_05
  • 2.6. Pragma Ada_2005
  • 2.7. Pragma Ada_12
  • 2.8. Pragma Ada_2012
  • 2.9. Pragma Ada_2022
  • 2.10. Pragma Aggregate_Individually_Assign
  • 2.11. Pragma Allow_Integer_Address
  • 2.12. Pragma Annotate
  • 2.13. Pragma Assert
  • 2.14. Pragma Assert_And_Cut
  • 2.15. Pragma Assertion_Policy
  • 2.16. Pragma Assume
  • 2.17. Pragma Assume_No_Invalid_Values
  • 2.18. Pragma Async_Readers
  • 2.19. Pragma Async_Writers
  • 2.20. Pragma Attribute_Definition
  • 2.21. Pragma C_Pass_By_Copy
  • 2.22. Pragma Check
  • 2.23. Pragma Check_Float_Overflow
  • 2.24. Pragma Check_Name
  • 2.25. Pragma Check_Policy
  • 2.26. Pragma Comment
  • 2.27. Pragma Common_Object
  • 2.28. Pragma Compile_Time_Error
  • 2.29. Pragma Compile_Time_Warning
  • 2.30. Pragma Complete_Representation
  • 2.31. Pragma Complex_Representation
  • 2.32. Pragma Component_Alignment
  • 2.33. Pragma Constant_After_Elaboration
  • 2.34. Pragma Contract_Cases
  • 2.35. Pragma Convention_Identifier
  • 2.36. Pragma CPP_Class
  • 2.37. Pragma CPP_Constructor
  • 2.38. Pragma CPP_Virtual
  • 2.39. Pragma CPP_Vtable
  • 2.40. Pragma CPU
  • 2.41. Pragma Deadline_Floor
  • 2.42. Pragma Default_Initial_Condition
  • 2.43. Pragma Debug
  • 2.44. Pragma Debug_Policy
  • 2.45. Pragma Default_Scalar_Storage_Order
  • 2.46. Pragma Default_Storage_Pool
  • 2.47. Pragma Depends
  • 2.48. Pragma Detect_Blocking
  • 2.49. Pragma Disable_Atomic_Synchronization
  • 2.50. Pragma Dispatching_Domain
  • 2.51. Pragma Effective_Reads
  • 2.52. Pragma Effective_Writes
  • 2.53. Pragma Elaboration_Checks
  • 2.54. Pragma Eliminate
  • 2.55. Pragma Enable_Atomic_Synchronization
  • 2.56. Pragma Export_Function
  • 2.57. Pragma Export_Object
  • 2.58. Pragma Export_Procedure
  • 2.59. Pragma Export_Valued_Procedure
  • 2.60. Pragma Extend_System
  • 2.61. Pragma Extensions_Allowed
  • 2.62. Pragma Extensions_Visible
  • 2.63. Pragma External
  • 2.64. Pragma External_Name_Casing
  • 2.65. Pragma Fast_Math
  • 2.66. Pragma Favor_Top_Level
  • 2.67. Pragma Finalize_Storage_Only
  • 2.68. Pragma Float_Representation
  • 2.69. Pragma Ghost
  • 2.70. Pragma Global
  • 2.71. Pragma Ident
  • 2.72. Pragma Ignore_Pragma
  • 2.73. Pragma Implementation_Defined
  • 2.74. Pragma Implemented
  • 2.75. Pragma Implicit_Packing
  • 2.76. Pragma Import_Function
  • 2.77. Pragma Import_Object
  • 2.78. Pragma Import_Procedure
  • 2.79. Pragma Import_Valued_Procedure
  • 2.80. Pragma Independent
  • 2.81. Pragma Independent_Components
  • 2.82. Pragma Initial_Condition
  • 2.83. Pragma Initialize_Scalars
  • 2.84. Pragma Initializes
  • 2.85. Pragma Inline_Always
  • 2.86. Pragma Inline_Generic
  • 2.87. Pragma Interface
  • 2.88. Pragma Interface_Name
  • 2.89. Pragma Interrupt_Handler
  • 2.90. Pragma Interrupt_State
  • 2.91. Pragma Invariant
  • 2.92. Pragma Keep_Names
  • 2.93. Pragma License
  • 2.94. Pragma Link_With
  • 2.95. Pragma Linker_Alias
  • 2.96. Pragma Linker_Constructor
  • 2.97. Pragma Linker_Destructor
  • 2.98. Pragma Linker_Section
  • 2.99. Pragma Lock_Free
  • 2.100. Pragma Loop_Invariant
  • 2.101. Pragma Loop_Optimize
  • 2.102. Pragma Loop_Variant
  • 2.103. Pragma Machine_Attribute
  • 2.104. Pragma Main
  • 2.105. Pragma Main_Storage
  • 2.106. Pragma Max_Queue_Length
  • 2.107. Pragma No_Body
  • 2.108. Pragma No_Caching
  • 2.109. Pragma No_Component_Reordering
  • 2.110. Pragma No_Elaboration_Code_All
  • 2.111. Pragma No_Heap_Finalization
  • 2.112. Pragma No_Inline
  • 2.113. Pragma No_Return
  • 2.114. Pragma No_Strict_Aliasing
  • 2.115. Pragma No_Tagged_Streams
  • 2.116. Pragma Normalize_Scalars
  • 2.117. Pragma Obsolescent
  • 2.118. Pragma Optimize_Alignment
  • 2.119. Pragma Ordered
  • 2.120. Pragma Overflow_Mode
  • 2.121. Pragma Overriding_Renamings
  • 2.122. Pragma Partition_Elaboration_Policy
  • 2.123. Pragma Part_Of
  • 2.124. Pragma Passive
  • 2.125. Pragma Persistent_BSS
  • 2.126. Pragma Post
  • 2.127. Pragma Postcondition
  • 2.128. Pragma Post_Class
  • 2.129. Pragma Pre
  • 2.130. Pragma Precondition
  • 2.131. Pragma Predicate
  • 2.132. Pragma Predicate_Failure
  • 2.133. Pragma Preelaborable_Initialization
  • 2.134. Pragma Prefix_Exception_Messages
  • 2.135. Pragma Pre_Class
  • 2.136. Pragma Priority_Specific_Dispatching
  • 2.137. Pragma Profile
  • 2.138. Pragma Profile_Warnings
  • 2.139. Pragma Propagate_Exceptions
  • 2.140. Pragma Provide_Shift_Operators
  • 2.141. Pragma Psect_Object
  • 2.142. Pragma Pure_Function
  • 2.143. Pragma Rational
  • 2.144. Pragma Ravenscar
  • 2.145. Pragma Refined_Depends
  • 2.146. Pragma Refined_Global
  • 2.147. Pragma Refined_Post
  • 2.148. Pragma Refined_State
  • 2.149. Pragma Relative_Deadline
  • 2.150. Pragma Remote_Access_Type
  • 2.151. Pragma Rename_Pragma
  • 2.152. Pragma Restricted_Run_Time
  • 2.153. Pragma Restriction_Warnings
  • 2.154. Pragma Reviewable
  • 2.155. Pragma Secondary_Stack_Size
  • 2.156. Pragma Share_Generic
  • 2.157. Pragma Shared
  • 2.158. Pragma Short_Circuit_And_Or
  • 2.159. Pragma Short_Descriptors
  • 2.160. Pragma Simple_Storage_Pool_Type
  • 2.161. Pragma Source_File_Name
  • 2.162. Pragma Source_File_Name_Project
  • 2.163. Pragma Source_Reference
  • 2.164. Pragma SPARK_Mode
  • 2.165. Pragma Static_Elaboration_Desired
  • 2.166. Pragma Stream_Convert
  • 2.167. Pragma Style_Checks
  • 2.168. Pragma Subtitle
  • 2.169. Pragma Suppress
  • 2.170. Pragma Suppress_All
  • 2.171. Pragma Suppress_Debug_Info
  • 2.172. Pragma Suppress_Exception_Locations
  • 2.173. Pragma Suppress_Initialization
  • 2.174. Pragma Task_Name
  • 2.175. Pragma Task_Storage
  • 2.176. Pragma Test_Case
  • 2.177. Pragma Thread_Local_Storage
  • 2.178. Pragma Time_Slice
  • 2.179. Pragma Title
  • 2.180. Pragma Type_Invariant
  • 2.181. Pragma Type_Invariant_Class
  • 2.182. Pragma Unchecked_Union
  • 2.183. Pragma Unevaluated_Use_Of_Old
  • 2.184. Pragma Unimplemented_Unit
  • 2.185. Pragma Universal_Aliasing
  • 2.186. Pragma Unmodified
  • 2.187. Pragma Unreferenced
  • 2.188. Pragma Unreferenced_Objects
  • 2.189. Pragma Unreserve_All_Interrupts
  • 2.190. Pragma Unsuppress
  • 2.191. Pragma Use_VADS_Size
  • 2.192. Pragma Unused
  • 2.193. Pragma Validity_Checks
  • 2.194. Pragma Volatile
  • 2.195. Pragma Volatile_Full_Access
  • 2.196. Pragma Volatile_Function
  • 2.197. Pragma Warning_As_Error
  • 2.198. Pragma Warnings
  • 2.199. Pragma Weak_External
  • 2.200. Pragma Wide_Character_Encoding
• 3. Implementation Defined Aspects
  • 3.1. Aspect Abstract_State
  • 3.2. Aspect Annotate
  • 3.3. Aspect Async_Readers
  • 3.4. Aspect Async_Writers
  • 3.5. Aspect Constant_After_Elaboration
  • 3.6. Aspect Contract_Cases
  • 3.7. Aspect Depends
  • 3.8. Aspect Default_Initial_Condition
  • 3.9. Aspect Dimension
  • 3.10. Aspect Dimension_System
  • 3.11. Aspect Disable_Controlled
  • 3.12. Aspect Effective_Reads
  • 3.13. Aspect Effective_Writes
  • 3.14. Aspect Extensions_Visible
  • 3.15. Aspect Favor_Top_Level
  • 3.16. Aspect Ghost
  • 3.17. Aspect Global
  • 3.18. Aspect Initial_Condition
  • 3.19. Aspect Initializes
  • 3.20. Aspect Inline_Always
  • 3.21. Aspect Invariant
  • 3.22. Aspect Invariant’Class
  • 3.23. Aspect Iterable
  • 3.24. Aspect Linker_Section
  • 3.25. Aspect Lock_Free
  • 3.26. Aspect Max_Queue_Length
  • 3.27. Aspect No_Caching
  • 3.28. Aspect No_Elaboration_Code_All
  • 3.29. Aspect No_Inline
  • 3.30. Aspect No_Tagged_Streams
  • 3.31. Aspect No_Task_Parts
  • 3.32. Aspect Object_Size
  • 3.33. Aspect Obsolescent
  • 3.34. Aspect Part_Of
  • 3.35. Aspect Persistent_BSS
  • 3.36. Aspect Predicate
  • 3.37. Aspect Pure_Function
  • 3.38. Aspect Refined_Depends
  • 3.39. Aspect Refined_Global
  • 3.40. Aspect Refined_Post
  • 3.41. Aspect Refined_State
  • 3.42. Aspect Relaxed_Initialization
  • 3.43. Aspect Remote_Access_Type
  • 3.44. Aspect Secondary_Stack_Size
  • 3.45. Aspect Scalar_Storage_Order
  • 3.46. Aspect Shared
  • 3.47. Aspect Simple_Storage_Pool
  • 3.48. Aspect Simple_Storage_Pool_Type
  • 3.49. Aspect SPARK_Mode
  • 3.50. Aspect Suppress_Debug_Info
  • 3.51. Aspect Suppress_Initialization
  • 3.52. Aspect Test_Case
  • 3.53. Aspect Thread_Local_Storage
  • 3.54. Aspect Universal_Aliasing
  • 3.55. Aspect Unmodified
  • 3.56. Aspect Unreferenced
  • 3.57. Aspect Unreferenced_Objects
  • 3.58. Aspect Value_Size
  • 3.59. Aspect Volatile_Full_Access
  • 3.60. Aspect Volatile_Function
  • 3.61. Aspect Warnings
• 4. Implementation Defined Attributes
  • 4.1. Attribute Abort_Signal
  • 4.2. Attribute Address_Size
  • 4.3. Attribute Asm_Input
  • 4.4. Attribute Asm_Output
  • 4.5. Attribute Atomic_Always_Lock_Free
  • 4.6. Attribute Bit
  • 4.7. Attribute Bit_Position
  • 4.8. Attribute Code_Address
  • 4.9. Attribute Compiler_Version
  • 4.10. Attribute Constrained
  • 4.11. Attribute Default_Bit_Order
  • 4.12. Attribute Default_Scalar_Storage_Order
  • 4.13. Attribute Deref
  • 4.14. Attribute Descriptor_Size
  • 4.15. Attribute Elaborated
  • 4.16. Attribute Elab_Body
  • 4.17. Attribute Elab_Spec
  • 4.18. Attribute Elab_Subp_Body
  • 4.19. Attribute Emax
  • 4.20. Attribute Enabled
  • 4.21. Attribute Enum_Rep
  • 4.22. Attribute Enum_Val
  • 4.23. Attribute Epsilon
  • 4.24. Attribute Fast_Math
  • 4.25. Attribute Finalization_Size
  • 4.26. Attribute Fixed_Value
  • 4.27. Attribute From_Any
  • 4.28. Attribute Has_Access_Values
  • 4.29. Attribute Has_Discriminants
  • 4.30. Attribute Has_Tagged_Values
  • 4.31. Attribute Img
  • 4.32. Attribute Initialized
  • 4.33. Attribute Integer_Value
  • 4.34. Attribute Invalid_Value
  • 4.35. Attribute Iterable
  • 4.36. Attribute Large
  • 4.37. Attribute Library_Level
  • 4.38. Attribute Loop_Entry
  • 4.39. Attribute Machine_Size
  • 4.40. Attribute Mantissa
  • 4.41. Attribute Maximum_Alignment
  • 4.42. Attribute Max_Integer_Size
  • 4.43. Attribute Mechanism_Code
  • 4.44. Attribute Null_Parameter
  • 4.45. Attribute Object_Size
  • 4.46. Attribute Old
  • 4.47. Attribute Passed_By_Reference
  • 4.48. Attribute Pool_Address
  • 4.49. Attribute Range_Length
  • 4.50. Attribute Restriction_Set
  • 4.51. Attribute Result
  • 4.52. Attribute Safe_Emax
  • 4.53. Attribute Safe_Large
  • 4.54. Attribute Safe_Small
  • 4.55. Attribute Scalar_Storage_Order
  • 4.56. Attribute Simple_Storage_Pool
  • 4.57. Attribute Small
  • 4.58. Attribute Small_Denominator
  • 4.59. Attribute Small_Numerator
  • 4.60. Attribute Storage_Unit
  • 4.61. Attribute Stub_Type
  • 4.62. Attribute System_Allocator_Alignment
  • 4.63. Attribute Target_Name
  • 4.64. Attribute To_Address
  • 4.65. Attribute To_Any
  • 4.66. Attribute Type_Class
  • 4.67. Attribute Type_Key
  • 4.68. Attribute TypeCode
  • 4.69. Attribute Unconstrained_Array
  • 4.70. Attribute Universal_Literal_String
  • 4.71. Attribute Unrestricted_Access
  • 4.72. Attribute Update
  • 4.73. Attribute Valid_Value
  • 4.74. Attribute Valid_Scalars
  • 4.75. Attribute VADS_Size
  • 4.76. Attribute Value_Size
  • 4.77. Attribute Wchar_T_Size
  • 4.78. Attribute Word_Size
• 5. Standard and Implementation Defined Restrictions
  • 5.1. Partition-Wide Restrictions
    • 5.1.1. Immediate_Reclamation
    • 5.1.2. Max_Asynchronous_Select_Nesting
    • 5.1.3. Max_Entry_Queue_Length
    • 5.1.4. Max_Protected_Entries
    • 5.1.5. Max_Select_Alternatives
    • 5.1.6. Max_Storage_At_Blocking
    • 5.1.7. Max_Task_Entries
    • 5.1.8. Max_Tasks
    • 5.1.9. No_Abort_Statements
    • 5.1.10. No_Access_Parameter_Allocators
    • 5.1.11. No_Access_Subprograms
    • 5.1.12. No_Allocators
    • 5.1.13. No_Anonymous_Allocators
    • 5.1.14. No_Asynchronous_Control
    • 5.1.15. No_Calendar
    • 5.1.16. No_Coextensions
    • 5.1.17. No_Default_Initialization
    • 5.1.18. No_Delay
    • 5.1.19. No_Dependence
    • 5.1.20. No_Direct_Boolean_Operators
    • 5.1.21. No_Dispatch
    • 5.1.22. No_Dispatching_Calls
    • 5.1.23. No_Dynamic_Attachment
    • 5.1.24. No_Dynamic_Priorities
    • 5.1.25. No_Entry_Calls_In_Elaboration_Code
    • 5.1.26. No_Enumeration_Maps
    • 5.1.27. No_Exception_Handlers
    • 5.1.28. No_Exception_Propagation
    • 5.1.29. No_Exception_Registration
    • 5.1.30. No_Exceptions
    • 5.1.31. No_Finalization
    • 5.1.32. No_Fixed_Point
    • 5.1.33. No_Floating_Point
    • 5.1.34. No_Implicit_Conditionals
    • 5.1.35. No_Implicit_Dynamic_Code
    • 5.1.36. No_Implicit_Heap_Allocations
    • 5.1.37. No_Implicit_Protected_Object_Allocations
    • 5.1.38. No_Implicit_Task_Allocations
    • 5.1.39. No_Initialize_Scalars
    • 5.1.40. No_IO
    • 5.1.41. No_Local_Allocators
    • 5.1.42. No_Local_Protected_Objects
    • 5.1.43. No_Local_Tagged_Types
    • 5.1.44. No_Local_Timing_Events
    • 5.1.45. No_Long_Long_Integers
    • 5.1.46. No_Multiple_Elaboration
    • 5.1.47. No_Nested_Finalization
    • 5.1.48. No_Protected_Type_Allocators
    • 5.1.49. No_Protected_Types
    • 5.1.50. No_Recursion
    • 5.1.51. No_Reentrancy
    • 5.1.52. No_Relative_Delay
    • 5.1.53. No_Requeue_Statements
    • 5.1.54. No_Secondary_Stack
    • 5.1.55. No_Select_Statements
    • 5.1.56. No_Specific_Termination_Handlers
    • 5.1.57. No_Specification_of_Aspect
    • 5.1.58. No_Standard_Allocators_After_Elaboration
    • 5.1.59. No_Standard_Storage_Pools
    • 5.1.60. No_Stream_Optimizations
    • 5.1.61. No_Streams
    • 5.1.62. No_Tagged_Type_Registration
    • 5.1.63. No_Task_Allocators
    • 5.1.64. No_Task_At_Interrupt_Priority
    • 5.1.65. No_Task_Attributes_Package
    • 5.1.66. No_Task_Hierarchy
    • 5.1.67. No_Task_Termination
    • 5.1.68. No_Tasking
    • 5.1.69. No_Terminate_Alternatives
    • 5.1.70. No_Unchecked_Access
    • 5.1.71. No_Unchecked_Conversion
    • 5.1.72. No_Unchecked_Deallocation
    • 5.1.73. No_Use_Of_Entity
    • 5.1.74. Pure_Barriers
    • 5.1.75. Simple_Barriers
    • 5.1.76. Static_Priorities
    • 5.1.77. Static_Storage_Size
  • 5.2. Program Unit Level Restrictions
    • 5.2.1. No_Elaboration_Code
    • 5.2.2. No_Dynamic_Accessibility_Checks
    • 5.2.3. No_Dynamic_Sized_Objects
    • 5.2.4. No_Entry_Queue
    • 5.2.5. No_Implementation_Aspect_Specifications
    • 5.2.6. No_Implementation_Attributes
    • 5.2.7. No_Implementation_Identifiers
    • 5.2.8. No_Implementation_Pragmas
    • 5.2.9. No_Implementation_Restrictions
    • 5.2.10. No_Implementation_Units
    • 5.2.11. No_Implicit_Aliasing
    • 5.2.12. No_Implicit_Loops
    • 5.2.13. No_Obsolescent_Features
    • 5.2.14. No_Wide_Characters
    • 5.2.15. Static_Dispatch_Tables
    • 5.2.16. SPARK_05
• 6. Implementation Advice
  • 6.1. RM 1.1.3(20): Error Detection
  • 6.2. RM 1.1.3(31): Child Units
  • 6.3. RM 1.1.5(12): Bounded Errors
  • 6.4. RM 2.8(16): Pragmas
  • 6.5. RM 2.8(17-19): Pragmas
  • 6.6. RM 3.5.2(5): Alternative Character Sets
  • 6.7. RM 3.5.4(28): Integer Types
  • 6.8. RM 3.5.4(29): Integer Types
  • 6.9. RM 3.5.5(8): Enumeration Values
  • 6.10. RM 3.5.7(17): Float Types
  • 6.11. RM 3.6.2(11): Multidimensional Arrays
  • 6.12. RM 9.6(30-31): Duration’Small
  • 6.13. RM 10.2.1(12): Consistent Representation
  • 6.14. RM 11.4.1(19): Exception Information
  • 6.15. RM 11.5(28): Suppression of Checks
  • 6.16. RM 13.1 (21-24): Representation Clauses
  • 6.17. RM 13.2(6-8): Packed Types
  • 6.18. RM 13.3(14-19): Address Clauses
  • 6.19. RM 13.3(29-35): Alignment Clauses
  • 6.20. RM 13.3(42-43): Size Clauses
  • 6.21. RM 13.3(50-56): Size Clauses
  • 6.22. RM 13.3(71-73): Component Size Clauses
  • 6.23. RM 13.4(9-10): Enumeration Representation Clauses
  • 6.24. RM 13.5.1(17-22): Record Representation Clauses
  • 6.25. RM 13.5.2(5): Storage Place Attributes
  • 6.26. RM 13.5.3(7-8): Bit Ordering
  • 6.27. RM 13.7(37): Address as Private
  • 6.28. RM 13.7.1(16): Address Operations
  • 6.29. RM 13.9(14-17): Unchecked Conversion
  • 6.30. RM 13.11(23-25): Implicit Heap Usage
  • 6.31. RM 13.11.2(17): Unchecked Deallocation
  • 6.32. RM 13.13.2(1.6): Stream Oriented Attributes
  • 6.33. RM A.1(52): Names of Predefined Numeric Types
  • 6.34. RM A.3.2(49): Ada.Characters.Handling
  • 6.35. RM A.4.4(106): Bounded-Length String Handling
  • 6.36. RM A.5.2(46-47): Random Number Generation
  • 6.37. RM A.10.7(23): Get_Immediate
  • 6.38. RM A.18: Containers
  • 6.39. RM B.1(39-41): Pragma Export
  • 6.40. RM B.2(12-13): Package Interfaces
  • 6.41. RM B.3(63-71): Interfacing with C
  • 6.42. RM B.4(95-98): Interfacing with COBOL
  • 6.43. RM B.5(22-26): Interfacing with Fortran
  • 6.44. RM C.1(3-5): Access to Machine Operations
  • 6.45. RM C.1(10-16): Access to Machine Operations
  • 6.46. RM C.3(28): Interrupt Support
  • 6.47. RM C.3.1(20-21): Protected Procedure Handlers
  • 6.48. RM C.3.2(25): Package Interrupts
  • 6.49. RM C.4(14): Pre-elaboration Requirements
  • 6.50. RM C.5(8): Pragma Discard_Names
  • 6.51. RM C.7.2(30): The Package Task_Attributes
  • 6.52. RM D.3(17): Locking Policies
  • 6.53. RM D.4(16): Entry Queuing Policies
  • 6.54. RM D.6(9-10): Preemptive Abort
  • 6.55. RM D.7(21): Tasking Restrictions
  • 6.56. RM D.8(47-49): Monotonic Time
  • 6.57. RM E.5(28-29): Partition Communication Subsystem
  • 6.58. RM F(7): COBOL Support
  • 6.59. RM F.1(2): Decimal Radix Support
  • 6.60. RM G: Numerics
  • 6.61. RM G.1.1(56-58): Complex Types
  • 6.62. RM G.1.2(49): Complex Elementary Functions
  • 6.63. RM G.2.4(19): Accuracy Requirements
  • 6.64. RM G.2.6(15): Complex Arithmetic Accuracy
  • 6.65. RM H.6(15/2): Pragma Partition_Elaboration_Policy
• 7. Implementation Defined Characteristics
• 8. Intrinsic Subprograms
  • 8.1. Intrinsic Operators
  • 8.2. Compilation_ISO_Date
  • 8.3. Compilation_Date
  • 8.4. Compilation_Time
  • 8.5. Enclosing_Entity
  • 8.6. Exception_Information
  • 8.7. Exception_Message
  • 8.8. Exception_Name
  • 8.9. File
  • 8.10. Line
  • 8.11. Shifts and Rotates
  • 8.12. Source_Location
• 9. Representation Clauses and Pragmas
  • 9.1. Alignment Clauses
  • 9.2. Size Clauses
  • 9.3. Storage_Size Clauses
  • 9.4. Size of Variant Record Objects
  • 9.5. Biased Representation
  • 9.6. Value_Size and Object_Size Clauses
  • 9.7. Component_Size Clauses
  • 9.8. Bit_Order Clauses
  • 9.9. Effect of Bit_Order on Byte Ordering
  • 9.10. Pragma Pack for Arrays
  • 9.11. Pragma Pack for Records
  • 9.12. Record Representation Clauses
  • 9.13. Handling of Records with Holes
  • 9.14. Enumeration Clauses
  • 9.15. Address Clauses
  • 9.16. Use of Address Clauses for Memory-Mapped I/O
  • 9.17. Effect of Convention on Representation
  • 9.18. Conventions and Anonymous Access Types
  • 9.19. Determining the Representations chosen by GNAT
• 10. Standard Library Routines
• 11. The Implementation of Standard I/O
  • 11.1. Standard I/O Packages
  • 11.2. FORM Strings
  • 11.3. Direct_IO
  • 11.4. Sequential_IO
  • 11.5. Text_IO
    • 11.5.1. Stream Pointer Positioning
    • 11.5.2. Reading and Writing Non-Regular Files
    • 11.5.3. Get_Immediate
    • 11.5.4. Treating Text_IO Files as Streams
    • 11.5.5. Text_IO Extensions
    • 11.5.6. Text_IO Facilities for Unbounded Strings
  • 11.6. Wide_Text_IO
    • 11.6.1. Stream Pointer Positioning
    • 11.6.2. Reading and Writing Non-Regular Files
  • 11.7. Wide_Wide_Text_IO
    • 11.7.1. Stream Pointer Positioning
    • 11.7.2. Reading and Writing Non-Regular Files
  • 11.8. Stream_IO
  • 11.9. Text Translation
  • 11.10. Shared Files
  • 11.11. Filenames encoding
  • 11.12. File content encoding
  • 11.13. Open Modes
  • 11.14. Operations on C Streams
  • 11.15. Interfacing to C Streams
• 12. The GNAT Library
  • 12.1. Ada.Characters.Latin_9 (a-chlat9.ads)
  • 12.2. Ada.Characters.Wide_Latin_1 (a-cwila1.ads)
  • 12.3. Ada.Characters.Wide_Latin_9 (a-cwila1.ads)
  • 12.4. Ada.Characters.Wide_Wide_Latin_1 (a-chzla1.ads)
  • 12.5. Ada.Characters.Wide_Wide_Latin_9 (a-chzla9.ads)
  • 12.6. Ada.Containers.Bounded_Holders (a-coboho.ads)
  • 12.7. Ada.Command_Line.Environment (a-colien.ads)
  • 12.8. Ada.Command_Line.Remove (a-colire.ads)
  • 12.9. Ada.Command_Line.Response_File (a-clrefi.ads)
  • 12.10. Ada.Direct_IO.C_Streams (a-diocst.ads)
  • 12.11. Ada.Exceptions.Is_Null_Occurrence (a-einuoc.ads)
  • 12.12. Ada.Exceptions.Last_Chance_Handler (a-elchha.ads)
  • 12.13. Ada.Exceptions.Traceback (a-exctra.ads)
  • 12.14. Ada.Sequential_IO.C_Streams (a-siocst.ads)
  • 12.15. Ada.Streams.Stream_IO.C_Streams (a-ssicst.ads)
  • 12.16. Ada.Strings.Unbounded.Text_IO (a-suteio.ads)
  • 12.17. Ada.Strings.Wide_Unbounded.Wide_Text_IO (a-swuwti.ads)
  • 12.18. Ada.Strings.Wide_Wide_Unbounded.Wide_Wide_Text_IO (a-szuzti.ads)
  • 12.19. Ada.Task_Initialization (a-tasini.ads)
  • 12.20. Ada.Text_IO.C_Streams (a-tiocst.ads)
  • 12.21. Ada.Text_IO.Reset_Standard_Files (a-tirsfi.ads)
  • 12.22. Ada.Wide_Characters.Unicode (a-wichun.ads)
  • 12.23. Ada.Wide_Text_IO.C_Streams (a-wtcstr.ads)
  • 12.24. Ada.Wide_Text_IO.Reset_Standard_Files (a-wrstfi.ads)
  • 12.25. Ada.Wide_Wide_Characters.Unicode (a-zchuni.ads)
  • 12.26. Ada.Wide_Wide_Text_IO.C_Streams (a-ztcstr.ads)
  • 12.27. Ada.Wide_Wide_Text_IO.Reset_Standard_Files (a-zrstfi.ads)
  • 12.28. GNAT.Altivec (g-altive.ads)
  • 12.29. GNAT.Altivec.Conversions (g-altcon.ads)
  • 12.30. GNAT.Altivec.Vector_Operations (g-alveop.ads)
  • 12.31. GNAT.Altivec.Vector_Types (g-alvety.ads)
  • 12.32. GNAT.Altivec.Vector_Views (g-alvevi.ads)
  • 12.33. GNAT.Array_Split (g-arrspl.ads)
  • 12.34. GNAT.AWK (g-awk.ads)
  • 12.35. GNAT.Binary_Search (g-binsea.ads)
  • 12.36. GNAT.Bind_Environment (g-binenv.ads)
  • 12.37. GNAT.Branch_Prediction (g-brapre.ads)
  • 12.38. GNAT.Bounded_Buffers (g-boubuf.ads)
  • 12.39. GNAT.Bounded_Mailboxes (g-boumai.ads)
  • 12.40. GNAT.Bubble_Sort (g-bubsor.ads)
  • 12.41. GNAT.Bubble_Sort_A (g-busora.ads)
  • 12.42. GNAT.Bubble_Sort_G (g-busorg.ads)
  • 12.43. GNAT.Byte_Order_Mark (g-byorma.ads)
  • 12.44. GNAT.Byte_Swapping (g-bytswa.ads)
  • 12.45. GNAT.Calendar (g-calend.ads)
  • 12.46. GNAT.Calendar.Time_IO (g-catiio.ads)
  • 12.47. GNAT.CRC32 (g-crc32.ads)
  • 12.48. GNAT.Case_Util (g-casuti.ads)
  • 12.49. GNAT.CGI (g-cgi.ads)
  • 12.50. GNAT.CGI.Cookie (g-cgicoo.ads)
  • 12.51. GNAT.CGI.Debug (g-cgideb.ads)
  • 12.52. GNAT.Command_Line (g-comlin.ads)
  • 12.53. GNAT.Compiler_Version (g-comver.ads)
  • 12.54. GNAT.Ctrl_C (g-ctrl_c.ads)
  • 12.55. GNAT.Current_Exception (g-curexc.ads)
  • 12.56. GNAT.Debug_Pools (g-debpoo.ads)
  • 12.57. GNAT.Debug_Utilities (g-debuti.ads)
  • 12.58. GNAT.Decode_String (g-decstr.ads)
  • 12.59. GNAT.Decode_UTF8_String (g-deutst.ads)
  • 12.60. GNAT.Directory_Operations (g-dirope.ads)
  • 12.61. GNAT.Directory_Operations.Iteration (g-diopit.ads)
  • 12.62. GNAT.Dynamic_HTables (g-dynhta.ads)
  • 12.63. GNAT.Dynamic_Tables (g-dyntab.ads)
  • 12.64. GNAT.Encode_String (g-encstr.ads)
  • 12.65. GNAT.Encode_UTF8_String (g-enutst.ads)
  • 12.66. GNAT.Exception_Actions (g-excact.ads)
  • 12.67. GNAT.Exception_Traces (g-exctra.ads)
  • 12.68. GNAT.Exceptions (g-except.ads)
  • 12.69. GNAT.Expect (g-expect.ads)
  • 12.70. GNAT.Expect.TTY (g-exptty.ads)
  • 12.71. GNAT.Float_Control (g-flocon.ads)
  • 12.72. GNAT.Formatted_String (g-forstr.ads)
  • 12.73. GNAT.Generic_Fast_Math_Functions (g-gfmafu.ads)
  • 12.74. GNAT.Heap_Sort (g-heasor.ads)
  • 12.75. GNAT.Heap_Sort_A (g-hesora.ads)
  • 12.76. GNAT.Heap_Sort_G (g-hesorg.ads)
  • 12.77. GNAT.HTable (g-htable.ads)
  • 12.78. GNAT.IO (g-io.ads)
  • 12.79. GNAT.IO_Aux (g-io_aux.ads)
  • 12.80. GNAT.Lock_Files (g-locfil.ads)
  • 12.81. GNAT.MBBS_Discrete_Random (g-mbdira.ads)
  • 12.82. GNAT.MBBS_Float_Random (g-mbflra.ads)
  • 12.83. GNAT.MD5 (g-md5.ads)
  • 12.84. GNAT.Memory_Dump (g-memdum.ads)
  • 12.85. GNAT.Most_Recent_Exception (g-moreex.ads)
  • 12.86. GNAT.OS_Lib (g-os_lib.ads)
  • 12.87. GNAT.Perfect_Hash_Generators (g-pehage.ads)
  • 12.88. GNAT.Random_Numbers (g-rannum.ads)
  • 12.89. GNAT.Regexp (g-regexp.ads)
  • 12.90. GNAT.Registry (g-regist.ads)
  • 12.91. GNAT.Regpat (g-regpat.ads)
  • 12.92. GNAT.Rewrite_Data (g-rewdat.ads)
  • 12.93. GNAT.Secondary_Stack_Info (g-sestin.ads)
  • 12.94. GNAT.Semaphores (g-semaph.ads)
  • 12.95. GNAT.Serial_Communications (g-sercom.ads)
  • 12.96. GNAT.SHA1 (g-sha1.ads)
  • 12.97. GNAT.SHA224 (g-sha224.ads)
  • 12.98. GNAT.SHA256 (g-sha256.ads)
  • 12.99. GNAT.SHA384 (g-sha384.ads)
  • 12.100. GNAT.SHA512 (g-sha512.ads)
  • 12.101. GNAT.Signals (g-signal.ads)
  • 12.102. GNAT.Sockets (g-socket.ads)
  • 12.103. GNAT.Source_Info (g-souinf.ads)
  • 12.104. GNAT.Spelling_Checker (g-speche.ads)
  • 12.105. GNAT.Spelling_Checker_Generic (g-spchge.ads)
  • 12.106. GNAT.Spitbol.Patterns (g-spipat.ads)
  • 12.107. GNAT.Spitbol (g-spitbo.ads)
  • 12.108. GNAT.Spitbol.Table_Boolean (g-sptabo.ads)
  • 12.109. GNAT.Spitbol.Table_Integer (g-sptain.ads)
  • 12.110. GNAT.Spitbol.Table_VString (g-sptavs.ads)
  • 12.111. GNAT.SSE (g-sse.ads)
  • 12.112. GNAT.SSE.Vector_Types (g-ssvety.ads)
  • 12.113. GNAT.String_Hash (g-strhas.ads)
  • 12.114. GNAT.Strings (g-string.ads)
  • 12.115. GNAT.String_Split (g-strspl.ads)
  • 12.116. GNAT.Table (g-table.ads)
  • 12.117. GNAT.Task_Lock (g-tasloc.ads)
  • 12.118. GNAT.Time_Stamp (g-timsta.ads)
  • 12.119. GNAT.Threads (g-thread.ads)
  • 12.120. GNAT.Traceback (g-traceb.ads)
  • 12.121. GNAT.Traceback.Symbolic (g-trasym.ads)
  • 12.122. GNAT.UTF_32 (g-table.ads)
  • 12.123. GNAT.Wide_Spelling_Checker (g-u3spch.ads)
  • 12.124. GNAT.Wide_Spelling_Checker (g-wispch.ads)
  • 12.125. GNAT.Wide_String_Split (g-wistsp.ads)
  • 12.126. GNAT.Wide_Wide_Spelling_Checker (g-zspche.ads)
  • 12.127. GNAT.Wide_Wide_String_Split (g-zistsp.ads)
  • 12.128. Interfaces.C.Extensions (i-cexten.ads)
  • 12.129. Interfaces.C.Streams (i-cstrea.ads)
  • 12.130. Interfaces.Packed_Decimal (i-pacdec.ads)
  • 12.131. Interfaces.VxWorks (i-vxwork.ads)
  • 12.132. Interfaces.VxWorks.Int_Connection (i-vxinco.ads)
  • 12.133. Interfaces.VxWorks.IO (i-vxwoio.ads)
  • 12.134. System.Address_Image (s-addima.ads)
  • 12.135. System.Assertions (s-assert.ads)
  • 12.136. System.Atomic_Counters (s-atocou.ads)
  • 12.137. System.Memory (s-memory.ads)
  • 12.138. System.Multiprocessors (s-multip.ads)
  • 12.139. System.Multiprocessors.Dispatching_Domains (s-mudido.ads)
  • 12.140. System.Partition_Interface (s-parint.ads)
  • 12.141. System.Pool_Global (s-pooglo.ads)
  • 12.142. System.Pool_Local (s-pooloc.ads)
  • 12.143. System.Restrictions (s-restri.ads)
  • 12.144. System.Rident (s-rident.ads)
  • 12.145. System.Strings.Stream_Ops (s-ststop.ads)
  • 12.146. System.Unsigned_Types (s-unstyp.ads)
  • 12.147. System.Wch_Cnv (s-wchcnv.ads)
  • 12.148. System.Wch_Con (s-wchcon.ads)
• 13. Interfacing to Other Languages
  • 13.1. Interfacing to C
  • 13.2. Interfacing to C++
  • 13.3. Interfacing to COBOL
  • 13.4. Interfacing to Fortran
  • 13.5. Interfacing to non-GNAT Ada code
• 14. Specialized Needs Annexes
• 15. Implementation of Specific Ada Features
  • 15.1. Machine Code Insertions
  • 15.2. GNAT Implementation of Tasking
    • 15.2.1. Mapping Ada Tasks onto the Underlying Kernel Threads
    • 15.2.2. Ensuring Compliance with the Real-Time Annex
    • 15.2.3. Support for Locking Policies
  • 15.3. GNAT Implementation of Shared Passive Packages
  • 15.4. Code Generation for Array Aggregates
    • 15.4.1. Static constant aggregates with static bounds
    • 15.4.2. Constant aggregates with unconstrained nominal types
    • 15.4.3. Aggregates with static bounds
    • 15.4.4. Aggregates with nonstatic bounds
    • 15.4.5. Aggregates in assignment statements
  • 15.5. The Size of Discriminated Records with Default Discriminants
  • 15.6. Image Values For Nonscalar Types
  • 15.7. Strict Conformance to the Ada Reference Manual
• 16. Implementation of Ada 2012 Features
• 17. Security Hardening Features
  • 17.1. Register Scrubbing
  • 17.2. Stack Scrubbing
  • 17.3. Hardened Conditionals
  • 17.4. Hardened Booleans
  • 17.5. Control Flow Redundancy
• 18. Obsolescent Features
  • 18.1. pragma No_Run_Time
  • 18.2. pragma Ravenscar
  • 18.3. pragma Restricted_Run_Time
  • 18.4. pragma Task_Info
  • 18.5. package System.Task_Info (s-tasinf.ads)
• 19. Compatibility and Porting Guide
  • 19.1. Writing Portable Fixed-Point Declarations
  • 19.2. Compatibility with Ada 83
    • 19.2.1. Legal Ada 83 programs that are illegal in Ada 95
    • 19.2.2. More deterministic semantics
    • 19.2.3. Changed semantics
    • 19.2.4. Other language compatibility issues
  • 19.3. Compatibility between Ada 95 and Ada 2005
  • 19.4. Implementation-dependent characteristics
    • 19.4.1. Implementation-defined pragmas
    • 19.4.2. Implementation-defined attributes
    • 19.4.3. Libraries
    • 19.4.4. Elaboration order
    • 19.4.5. Target-specific aspects
  • 19.5. Compatibility with Other Ada Systems
  • 19.6. Representation Clauses
  • 19.7. Compatibility with HP Ada 83

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